The crankshaft rides on a very thin oil wedge only about .00005? thick when the engine is running. With tolerances this tight, a properly polished crankshaft is a must. If there are any nodules or burrs poking through the surface of the journal it won't take much to wipe the oil film and cause a bearing failure.
Crankshaft grinding is considered by many to be an art form if you are polishing with a manual belt machine. But with today's OEM finishes being extremely smooth and flat, achieving this level is more and more important. There are some good machines available for polishing and micropolishing, no doubt, but they must be used properly.
Customarily with an aftermarket crankshaft, rebuilders mic the journals and go through a two- or three-step polishing process. If the crank proves salvageable and it doesn't have to be ground, some engine builders start with a #400 grit belt, moving to a finer cork belt or other fine grit micropolishing belt for final finish. Other experts say to start with a #320 belt, then go to the #400 before moving on to the finer belt for a few revolutions.
Micropolishing machines are the high tech way to achieve OEM-like surface finishes, but costs may put these machines out of reach of smaller shops. According to one manufacturer, micropolishing is the most advanced way to achieve OEM-level surface finishes on cranks today. He cautions rebuilders who believe that using a very fine belt won't remove material that this idea is a myth. With micropolishing it is possible to consistently remove the peaks and get down closer to the valleys in the surface creating a finer finish with higher load-carrying ability.