They tell you when the casting was made. Every week, same day- someone "pokes" the mold, adding another bump. Some months have five Fridays (or Mondays, whatever) some have four. The initial set-up, including the letters, is done by machine, but the "poke" is done by hand. The very last box can have one bump, or two, or three, or four, or five. I can't see for sure, but the one in the picture looks like it might have one bump in April, to show it was made in the first week of April.
There are similar bump patterns inside every plastic hard hat. They should be replaced every "X" years, depending on who you work for, and the brand of hat. Some companies- like Dupont- have safety officers at each plant, and they make sure that the hard hats are up to date.