Studs. From what I've read, you retorque after letting them sit a few hours. I used a heat gun to simulate a heat cycle. ARP recommends torquing them 5 times if new. In other words, torque in seq to 80, then loosen 1/4 turn and retighten in sequence five times. Helps to properly stretch new studs.
Be sure to use sealant on whatever you use since they thread into the water jackets. I use Loctite 567 with good results.