I have had a cam sensor pin shear, and know of a couple other race cars that have also had this issue and all were running external oil pumps that exert lots of load on the gear/pin.
Also, have dealt with many aftermarket timing covers that were made off-shore and the machine work was not done properly, and put the cam sensor in a serious bind. Some were so far off, the cam sensor gear would not mate with the cam gear.
So my opinion is that unless you had something go through your pump that sheared the pin, your cover could be the issue.
Did you cut apart the filter to see if any unusual debris is present?
I have seen where a small particle went through the pump and came out, but was in there long enough to shear the pin. That is why I now run a filter with NO bypass so small crap cannot enter the pump and cause an issue.
Did you drain the oil to look for anything in there as well? Unless you have a RJC pan or added another drain with the bung on the outside, you cannot drain all the oil or particles in the bottom of the pan, but the oil may have small particles to indicate if something is amiss.
Then there is another thing you can try which is what I would do first, that is install a new pin in the cam sensor, then run the engine again to see if it was a fluke or not. Would not be the first time a $.25 part just failed and caused so much grief.
No matter whatever I have said, or anyone else, it is only a guess at this point!